Parasites are organisms that exist at the expense of the owner.Their vital activity in the human body can occur asymptomatic.Therefore, helminthic occupation is one of the rarest pathologies diagnosed.
Parasitic diseases lead to severe consequences.According to the World Health Organization, they cause the deaths of 16 million people worldwide.To detect the parasite on time and prevent complications, you need to know about the possible ways of infection and symptoms.
Why are parasites dangerous?
Parasites can live both in the body and within a person.Some of their varieties are not dangerous, while others pose a serious threat to life.Helminest life products have a toxic effect.With great accumulation, body poisoning occurs.
Symptoms of parasites intoxication:
- vomiting;
- weakness;
- loss of appetite;
- high body temperature;
- fever;
- Convulsions.
Treatment should start on time, because a neglected condition can result in death.
The consequences of a parasitic infection vary depending on the localization of the parasite.Worms can cause an allergic reaction, blindness, paralysis, destroy the liver, lungs, brains, affect the work of other organs.They reduce immunity, which is why a person is more susceptible to infectious diseases.
The most dangerous parasites:
- Brain Amoeba (tape).It lives in the brain, life expectancy of up to 20 years.As the bar grows, he seeks to kill his master.Mortality occurs in 97% of cases.The worm causes cerebral edema, and the infection is possible when using infected meat or water.
- Ascarids.Rings worms, which are often found in the baby's body.Adults grow up to 30 cm in length.Symptoms of general intoxication appear, and you can become infected through dirty hands.
- Onhokarcavelos.A worm that causes blindness of rivers (onhocercosis).
- trypanosomes.Causes chronic heart and intestinal disease.
- Australian.Provokes a strong allergic reaction, leading to respiratory failure.
Overall symptoms
The most common signs of parasites are allergic manifestations in the form of urticaria, itching of the skin, redness, increased body temperature and periods of bronchial asthma.
General symptoms of parasitosis in the body:
- nausea, vomiting;
- abdominal pain;
- excrement violation (diarrhea or constipation);
- itching in the anus;
- grinding teeth in a dream;
- deterioration of appetite;
- headache;
- weakness, fatigue;
- avitaminosis;
- decreased immunity;
- anemia;
- cough;
- articular pain or muscle;
- A sharp decrease or increase in body weight.
Symptoms may not appear immediately.For example, clinical signs when infection worms appear after 2-3 days, and ascaris after 3 months.
The types of parasites
Parasites in the human body can live anywhere.They can usually be detected in the intestines and liver, but they can parasitize in the lungs, muscle tissue, blood, blood vessels and brain.If the larva fell into the bloodstream, then it can join any internal organ, violating its function.
Which parasites live in the human body?There are more than 250 species that can live at the expense of a person.Their dimensions vary from microscopic to meters, the number may also be different.
The main types of parasites in humans can be distinguished:
- Ectoparasis;
- Helminths;
- Prostorips (protozoal).
Ectoparasis
This species lives on the skin.Representatives of ectoparasites:
- lice head, pubic and payment - pediculosis;
- Bed error is a carrier of infectious diseases such as hepatitis, tuberculosis and abdominal typhoid;
- Demodex - demodecosis;
- scabies - scabies;
- Cochliomyia - Cochliomias.
Infection with parasites occurs in a contact-home mode.They are transmitted by bodily contact, through personal hygiene articles and clothes.Cochliomias occurs when flies that are common in North and Central America.
The simplest parasites
The following parasites belong to them:
- In the gut - amoebas, giardia, leishmania, blastocists, blanditia;
- In the blood - tripanosomes, babesia;
- in the organs of the genitourinary system - trichomonas;
- In the internal organs (heart, lungs, liver, brain) - toxoplasma, tripanosomes, acanthamoebas.
Infection occurs through food, water, sexual intercourse (in the case of trichomonad).
Helminths
These are worms that in the process of their lives violate the work of internal organs and metabolism.Worms can only be a few inches in length or reach 7-10 m.
With primary infection, they were placed in the gut, and with continuously, other organs and muscles can affect.Most often there are worms living in the rectum, liver, bile ducts and lungs.
The most common diseases caused by parasites by helminths:
- Acaridosis.The larvae pass through the digestive tract and place in the intestines.An adult reaches 25-30 cm.
- Opistorchoz.Adults affect bile ducts, enter the human body along with infected fish.
- Cestodosis.The infection caused by the stripe worms occurs in a person through the meat and fish, the intestines are affected.
- Shistsomosis.It is caused by flat plates or worms.The infection occurs when the skin of water infected with freshwater snails enters.
This species includes a large number of species.In total, more than 300 species of helminths have been recorded.
They can be grouped into 3 groups:
- Nematodes - round worms;
- Trematode - plates;
- Cestodes - strip worms.
nematodes
The most gorgeous representatives of round worms:
- pinworms;
- Ascarides;
- Blacovyv.
The main ways of infection with helminths are the use of dirty products or contaminated water, unwashed hands, insect bites.Nematodes are placed in the gastrointestinal organs, less often in the liver, lung and heart.
The main symptoms of the presence of parasites in the human intestines:
- nausea, vomiting;
- itching in the anus;
- rash;
- indigestion;
- Chronic fatigue.
With a large population, the parasites naturally come out of the body.In this case, the nematody can be found in the feces.
trematodes
They lead to dangerous infectious diseases.These parasites, depending on the habitat, can be divided into such groups:
- Blood rods - skistosomes;
- Liver tremontodes - liver bicarries;
- Intestinal dishes;
- pancreatic parasites;
- pulmonary loss.
Symptoms of infection depend on the affected organ.It can be weakness, dizziness, exacerbation of appetite, nausea, stool disorders, skin pallor, irritability or apathy.
The main source of infection is to get the excrement of sick animals or humans in water and soil.
Cestode
The bar worms live in the gut.They fall into the human body when using meat and fish are processed insufficiently treated.The biggest risk is the pork chain, which can migrate to the bloodstream, muscle tissue and the brain.
Cestodes can parasitize the body for a long time without visible signs, increasing in impressive size.Adult length is up to 10 m.Common diseases caused by cestodet, - Vitllinus, echinococcosis.
Ordinary representatives of cestodes:
- tape;
- Bull and pig pig;
- Cerebrum of sheep;
- Echinococcus.
Which doctor to contact the parasites?
Parasitic diseases are treated by physicians-parasitologists.They should be contacted with the suspicion of the infection.Also, a dermatologist can find parasites on the skin.
Troubleshooting
The diagnosis of parasitic worms is performed using a laboratory examination of the feces.To determine the worms, you need to take the analysis three times.
The opening parasites are detected by scrap, which is performed with adhesive tape.It is possible to check for parasites who do not participate in digestion, using a blood test or biopsy.
Treatment
You can cleanse the human body from parasites with the help of folk remedies and remedies.The duration of treatment depends on the degree of infection and intoxication of the body.
Drug treatment of parasites
Helminthiasis treatment involves the use of anthelmintic agents.They are toxic, so it is impossible to use them without a confirmed diagnosis.Symptoms of helminthiasis have stopped using symptomatic treatment.Vitamin preparations, choleretic drugs, hepatoprotectors, laxative drugs, anti -allergic, antibiotics, probiotics are used.In severe allergic reactions, corticosteroids are prescribed.
Popular treatment of parasites
You can get rid of parasites in the human body with the help of such tools of traditional medicine:
- Cranberry enema.It helps to get rid of helminths and protozoa.For 2 liters of water, you need to get 2 tbsp.l.Cranberry juice and 1 tbsp.l.Salt do the procedure 2 times a day.
- Garlic.You can get rid of the intestinal parasites in this way - boil 6 garlic cloves in 1 liter of milk, cold and make an enema.
- Pumpkin seeds.Cleaned seeds (300 g) should be crushed, pour a small amount of water, add 100 g of honey.Eat in a meeting with a laxative.
- Onion infusion.Cut the large onion into pieces, pour boiling water, leave for 12 hours.Drink 100 g 3-4 times a day.
To remove parasites from the stomach and intestines, it is necessary to eat spicy foods.Using garlic, onions, sharp spices and spicy herbs, you can easily escape, for example, from worms.
Complications
Parasites adversely affect the human body.If helminthosis is not treated, severe complications occur:
- Frequent sar, an increase in adenoids and tonsils;
- appendicitis;
- enteritis, gastroenteritis, enterocolitis;
- cirrhosis;
- liver cancer;
- anemia;
- gastrointestinal bleeding;
- pancreatitis;
- bronchitis;
- oncological diseases;
- cerebral edema;
- Purulento-septic lesions.
The vital activity of parasites in the abdomen leads to the peritonitis, the lungs - to the pneumonia.Ascarides block respiratory and bile ducts, provoke drowning or intestinal obstruction.
PREVENTION
Preventive measures against infection with parasites:
- Wash your hands before meals and after the road;
- Use only vegetables and fruits washed, boiled water;
- Store food in accordance with sanitary standards, avoid contact with flies;
- consume meat and fish only after heat treatment;
- Do not bathe in polluted tanks;
- Do not use other people's hygiene products;
- Perform dejeting pets.
Although worms pose a threat to human health and life, the body cleans the body only after the detection of parasites and under the supervision of a doctor.Timely diagnosis of helminthiasis will avoid serious complications.It is important to take preventive measures, especially in children.